Learn it before you test it.

Traffic signs, Virginia motor-vehicle laws and safe-driving techniques.

After failing the knowledge exam, an applicant under 18 generally must wait 15 full days before retesting.

Stop completely at the stop line or before entering the intersection or crosswalk.

Stop completely, yield and continue only when the way is clear.

Slow down and proceed with caution.

Separate traffic traveling in opposite directions.

Separate lanes traveling in the same direction.

Construction and work-zone warnings.

On dry roads, the manual recommends roughly 2 seconds below 35 MPH, 3 seconds at 35–45 MPH and 4 seconds at 46–70 MPH.

Expert drivers try to focus about 20–30 seconds ahead.

Check mirrors, signal and make a quick head check before changing lanes.

Wet pavement can double braking distance. Reduce speed and increase following distance.

Stop for a stopped school bus with flashing red lights and remain stopped until people are clear and the bus moves again.

Opposing traffic generally does not stop when a median or barrier separates it from the bus.

Be especially alert at intersections and crosswalks. Yield when required and allow pedestrians to clear your turning path.

Give at least three feet of clearance when passing a bicyclist.

Add extra following distance and remember motorcycles can be difficult to see.

Trucks and buses have larger blind spots, need more room to turn and take longer to stop.

Use headlights whenever windshield wipers are being used because of bad weather.

Use low beams when following another vehicle within 200 feet.

Dim high beams for an oncoming vehicle within 500 feet.

If a collision is unavoidable, brake firmly, remain in your lane and make a controlled stop.

Coffee, exercise and cold showers do not reduce intoxication.

Virginia generally prohibits holding a cellphone or other wireless communication device while driving.

Yawning, heavy eyelids, missed exits, unplanned lane changes and hitting rumble strips can indicate dangerous fatigue.

Review seat belts, airbags and child safety-seat requirements.

A suspension temporarily withdraws your privilege to drive.

Revocation terminates the driving privilege and generally requires reapplication after the revocation period.

The manual emphasizes responsibility, courtesy and compliance with Virginia traffic laws.